BY 303        COMPARATIVE VERTEBRATE ANATOMY         FALL, 2006

Instructor: Peter May, 156 Sage Hall, 822-8189. e-mail - peter.may@stetson.edu

Office hrs: MW – 8-11 a.m., T-1-2 p.m. Feel free to drop by any time I'm in my office if you have questions or problems with the course with which I can be of assistance.

Lecture/lab:  All meetings in 144 Sage. Lecture is MW, 11:00-11:50.  T and Th, 8:30-11:15 are scheduled for labs, although in most weeks the Tuesday lab period will be used for a 50 minute lecture (starting at 9:00). Lecture examinations will be given on Thursdays during the laboratory period; on those weeks the laboratory will be on Tuesday.  During the weeks in which laboratory practical tests are scheduled, there will be two laboratory sessions, including a Tuesday review period and the practical test on Thursday.

Texts:  Kardong, K. 2006. Vertebrates: Comparative Anatomy, Function, and Evolution. Wm. C. Brown Publishers. 4th edition. Used copies of earlier editions will suffice, some recent information incorporated in later revisions may be absent.

Fishbeck, D.W., and A. Sebastiani.  2001. Comparative Anatomy: Manual of Vertebrate Dissection.  Morton Publishing Co.
 
Wingerd, B. 1985.
Rabbit Dissection Manual.  Johns Hopkins University Press.

Dissection groups may wish to share copies of the two lab manuals rather than everyone purchasing their own.

Web materials:  All class and laboratory handouts, including the syllabus, will be available on Blackboard (http://blackboard.stetson.edu/) and on my personal website (http://helmet.stetson.edu/~pmay/).  Scroll down to Course Materials and click on the link entitled “By 303 – Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy”.    

Course description: This course presents a broad comparative analysis of vertebrate morphology by considering anatomical structure and function and the integration of these structures in the individual organism, and the relationship between structure and functional demands of vertebrates to particular environments.  In other words, this course emphasizes the adaptations of vertebrate morphology to the environmental conditions faced by vertebrates and their chordate ancestors in the remarkable range of habitats and conditions under which they occur. The primary content of the lecture will be detailed consideration of each vertebrate organ system, emphasizing the structure-function relationship of the organs/organ systems, and the range of structural and evolutionary modifications of organ systems seen in different vertebrate classes.  We will also give brief consideration to the evolutionary history and phylogenetic relationships of the major vertebrate groups, including extinct but evolutionarily significant taxa, and the basics of vertebrate development.

Laboratory sessions will illustrate the basic vertebrate body plan and its range of variation between vertebrate classes by dissection of representative vertebrates from the agnathans (lamprey), chondrichthyans (shark), amphibians (salamander) and mammals (rabbit). 

By the end of the semester, you should have a detailed understanding of the anatomical structure and function of each of the major chordate groups: non-vertebrate chordates, jawless fishes, cartilaginous fishes, bony fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals. NOTE: There is very little consideration of human anatomy in this course, so if this is your primary interest, you should probably take the Human Anatomy and Physiology course offered by the department of Integrated Health Sciences.

Exams and grading:  There will be three lecture exams during the semester and a comprehensive final, and two practical laboratory exams, weighted as shown below.  Lecture test questions will be drawn mainly from material covered in lectures.  The text is rather detailed and full of interesting and relevant information that we won't have time to cover in lecture; completing the required readings as we cover the material in lecture will greatly increase your comprehension of the subject matter and your performance on tests. 

All students are expected to abide by the criteria of the Stetson University Honor System, as specified in the Honor Pledge.  The Honor Pledge and other information about the Honor System can be found at http://helmet.stetson.edu/honorsystem/pledge.php. 

Attendance:  Since test material will be drawn primarily from material covered in lecture, and this material represents only a small subset of coverage in the text, it is to your advantage to attend lecture regularly and take good notes.  Attendance is mandatory at all laboratories and regular attendance at lectures is expected.

  FINAL GRADE COMPONENTS AND WEIGHTING

      Lecture exam 1 – Thursday, Sept 21                     15%
      Lecture exam 2 – Thursday, Oct 26                      15%
      Lecture exam 3 – Thursday, Nov 30                      15 %
      Lecture final – Saturday, Dec 9, 1-3 p.m.            
   20%
      Lab exam 1 - Thursday, Oct  5                             15%
      Lab exam 2 - Thursday, Nov 16                            20%

Final grades are assigned based on your sum of total points scored, and the distribution of point totals among all students.  Letter grades for the course will be determined at the end of the semester based upon your cumulative total of points earned on all graded material.  Approximate letter grades will be announced for individual exams, but these are not used in final grade setting and are not binding.  If the total point distribution is more or less normal, the top 10-15% of students will receive A's, the next 15-20% B's, and the rest C,D or F's depending on relative standing. The grading scale may be curved down (don't depend on it, though), but not up.  There will be no opportunities for extra credit.  There will be no make-up exams without a validated medical excuse or family emergency.

SEQUENCE OF TOPICS AND REQUIRED READINGS


No dates are given for this topic schedule, as my projected dates are generally worthless.  Synchronize your reading with the current lecture topic.

          TOPIC                                                                         READING IN KARDONG

1.  Introduction; Evolution of chordate groups and                 Chs. 1-3
      distinguishing characteristics                   
 
2.  Development                                                                      Ch. 5

3.  Body-environment boundary; skin and derivatives             Ch. 6
  
4.  Skeletal systems and support principles                            Chs. 4, 7-9
     
5.  Movement, bone-muscle systems, adaptations                 Ch. 10
     to locomotion                  
          
6.  Food processing and nutrition                                            Ch. 13

7.  Gas exchange and transport                                              Ch. 11

8.  Circulatory systems and internal transport                         Ch. 12      

9.  Excretion, osmoregulation, and                                          Ch. 14
    reproductive systems

10.
Coordination and integration - endocrine and                    Chs. 15,16,18
     nervous systems




                                 LABORATORY SCHEDULE


(FS = Fishbeck and Sebastiani, Comparative Anatomy . . .; Wn = Wingerd, Rabbit Dissection Manual)

Week                          Topic                                                          Manual pages

Aug  21-25         No lab

Aug 28-Sept 1   Terminology, vertebrate origins,                            FS 1-44
                          primitive vertebrates                                              Wn. ix,x

Sept 4-8            Integument, skeleton and skull                             FS 47-66, 137-147, 205-216
                                                                                                        Wn. 1-11

Sept 11-15       Skeletal systems II; Shark muscular                     FS 67-78, 147-162, 216-226
                         system                                                                  

 Sept 18-22      Rabbit muscular system I
                        (Tuesday lab – Lecture test 1 on Thursday)       Wn. 12-33

Sept 25-29      Rabbit muscular systems II

Oct 2-6            Review (Tuesday); PRACTICAL TEST 1 (Thursday)

Oct 9-13          Digestive, respiratory systems                              FS 79-94, 163-174
                                                                                                      Wn. 42-52

Oct 16-20       Urogenital systems                                             FS 95-100, 175-180  
                                                                                              Wn. 65-70

Oct 23-27       Circulatory systems I                                            FS 101-113, 181-188  
                      (Tuesday lab – Lecture test 2 on Thursday)            Wn. 54-65

Oct 30- Nov 3  Circulatory systems II                                       

Nov 6-10         Nervous systems                                                FS 117-124
                                                                                              Wn. 34-41
Nov 13-17       Review (Tues), PRACTICAL TEST 2 (Thurs)

Nov 20-24       THANKSGIVING – NO LAB

Nov 27–Dec 1 Lecture only – Lecture test 3 on Thursday

Dec 4-8           Lecture only – classes end Wednesday